汽车启动时安全距离模型的改进及其验证

摘要

To study the car-fpllowing behavior of a starting vehicle at an intersection with signal lights, we improve the Kometani model by taking into account its acceleration and speed. Then we verify the Kometani model by analy-zing the driving behavior characteristics of a vehicle and combining them with actual observed traffic data. The im-proved Kometani model takes into account the joint effects of the acceleration and speed of a vehicle on its safety distance, namely car spacing, thus being able to more fully and accurately describe the actual traffic conditions at an intersection. Finally we use the data acquired at intersections to verify the improved Kometani model. The results on the comparison of the verification results with the Kometani model verification results, given in Section 3, and their analysis show preliminarily that our improved Kometani model conforms better to the actual car-following be-havior of a starting vehicle at an intersection.%为了精确研究在信号灯交叉路口车辆启动时的跟驰行为，提出了一种基于加速度的Kometani改进模型。在分析车辆行驶行为特征的基础上，结合实际观测的交通数据，对Kometani模型进行了验证。针对Kometani模型出现的部分点与实际数据趋势不相符等问题，增加了车辆加速度因素并予之改进。改进后的模型考虑了车辆的速度和加速度对于车辆安全距离（即车间距）的共同影响，从而能够更加全面准确地描述交通路口的实际交通现象。采用在交叉路口采集的实际数据，并对改进后的模型进行了验证；通过验证结果与原模型验证结果进行对比分析，表明改进后的模型更符合实际交叉路口车辆启动时的跟驰行为。