梨小食心虫成虫行为节律研究

摘要

【目的】研究梨小食心虫成虫行为节律,为开展梨小食心虫化学生态学研究及其综合治理奠定基础。【方法】在人工气候箱（温度（24±0.5）℃、相对湿度（70±10）%、光周期为15h光期和9h暗期）条件下,系统观测了梨小食心虫成虫羽化、交配及产卵行为节律。【结果】梨小食心虫成虫的羽化具有明显的昼夜节律,主要发生在光期05：00-10：00这个时段,此时成虫的羽化数量占总羽化数量的90%以上,其中以05：00-06：00羽化率最高,与其他时段差异显著;成虫的求偶交配行为多发生在羽化后第3天,呈＂一＂字形交配,单次交配持续时间为11～35min,平均为22.07min,成虫交配活动主要发生在17：00-21：00,交配率超过90%;梨小食心虫雌成虫的产卵节律与其交配节律颇具相似性,其产卵活动也主要发生在17：00-21：00,该时段所产卵量达到总产卵量的87.43%,显著高于其他时段。【结论】梨小食心虫成虫的羽化、交配及产卵行为具明显的生物节律,其中羽化行为主要发生在上午05：00-10：00,交配和产卵行为主要发生在傍晚17：00-21：00。%【Objective】 Behavioral rhythms of the oriental fruit moth,Grapholita molesta(Busck),were studied in order to provide a theoretical reference for the chemical ecology and integrated management of G.molesta.【Method】 The emergence,mating and oviposition behaviors of G.molesta were investigated with a 15 h∶9 h(L∶D) light cycle at temperature of(24±0.5) ℃ and RH of(70±10)% in the laboratory.【Result】 Results indicated that G.molesta emergence had a significant diel rhythm.90% of G.molesta emerged in 05:00-10:00 am of photophase,especially,the highest emergence rate occurred in 05:00-06:00 am.The calling behavior of G.molesta mainly occurred from the 3rd days after emergence.Adults of G.molesta mated with a copulatory posture of Chinese character of one.The single adult mating duration was between 11-35 min,with a mean value of 22.07 min.More than 90% of mating occurred in 17:00-21:00.pm;The oviposition rhythm of G.molesta was the same as the mating rhythm,87.43% female adults oviposited in 17:00-21:00 pm.【Conclusion】 The emergence,mating and oviposition behaviors of G.molesta have a significant biological rhythm.Emergence activities mainly occur in 05:00-10:00 am,while mating and oviposition activities mainly occur in 17:00-21:00 pm.