放线菌剂对丹参生长及有效成分的影响

摘要

【目的】探讨施用生防放线菌剂对丹参生长及品质的影响。【方法】以常规移栽处理为对照,采用小区和大田试验相结合的方法,研究用放线菌剂蘸根处理后,放线菌剂对丹参生长、产量、品质及抗根结线虫侵染的影响。【结果】①放线菌剂对丹参生长及产量提高有明显的促进作用。在小区试验中,与对照相比,放线菌剂稀释10倍、100倍处理丹参茎叶鲜质量分别增加了29.7%,35.5%,丹参根鲜质量分别增加了44.0%,39.6%,根干质量分别增加了26.3%,33.3%。在大田试验中,与对照相比,放线菌剂蘸根处理丹参单株根鲜质量、干质量分别提高了10.1%,8.2%,丹参产量提高了7.2%,增产2 022.0kg/hm2。②放线菌剂蘸根接种可大幅度提高丹参药材中有效成分的含量。在小区试验中,放线菌剂稀释100倍处理丹参根内丹参酮ⅡA、丹酚酸B及丹参素含量和产量分别较对照增加了175.0%,102.6%和110.0%及348.7%,230.6%和242.6%。在大田试验中,放线菌剂蘸根处理丹参根内丹酚酸B、丹参素含量和产量分别较对照增加了19.4%,20.8%及27.1%,28.5%。③放线菌剂接种对丹参根结线虫侵染有一定抑制作用,可使大田根结线虫侵染率降低50%。【结论】生防放线菌剂蘸根处理后能明显促进丹参生长,提高丹参产量和品质及抗虫能力。%【Objective】 This study was to investigate the effect of actinomycetes on growth and medicine quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge..【Method】 Taking conventional transplantation treatment as control,we combined plot and field experiment by using root dipping with actinomycetes preparation to investigate survival rate,biomass,active constituents and root-knot nematode of S.miltiorrhiza Bge..【Result】 ①In the plot experiment,inoculating with actinomycetes of 10 and 100 times dilution,the stem-leaf natural weight of S.miltiorrhiza Bge.increased by 29.7% and 35.5% respectively compared with the control treatment;Inoculating with actinomycetes of 10 and 100 times dilution,the root natural weight of S.miltiorrhiza Bge.increased by 44.0% and 39.6% respectively,and the root dry weight of S.miltiorrhiza Bge.increased by 26.3% and 33.3% respectively.In the field experiment,inoculating with actinomycetes preparation,the root natural weight and dry weight per plant increased by 10.1% and 8.2% respectively compared with the control treatment,also the root natural weight per mu increased by 7.2%.②In the plot experiment,under the treatment of actinomyces diluted 100 times by wood ash,the contents of tanshinoneⅡA,salvianolic acid B and danshensu in S.miltiorrhiza Bge.all achieved maximum value which increased by 175.0%,102.6% and 110.0% respectively compared with that of control.Similarly,the contents of these three active constituents per plant increased by 348.7%,230.6% and 242.6% compared with that of control.In the field experiment,the contents of salvianolic acid B and danshensu in S.miltiorrhiza Bge.were 19.4% and 20.8% higher than that in the control treatment,also,the contents of this two active constituents per plant improved by 27.1% and 28.5% compared with the control treatment.③Inoculating with actinomycetes may control the disease of root-knot nematode.The infection rate of root-knot nematode in S.miltiorrhiza Bge.decreased by 50% by using actinomycetes preparation.【Conclusion】 This research suggested that actinomycetes can improve the growth,biomass,medicine quality and anti-insect ability of S.miltiorrhiza Bge..