秦岭北麓猕猴桃主栽品种光合特性的研究

摘要

以秦岭北麓猕猴桃主栽品种红阳、楚红、金魁、徐香、金香和海沃德为试材,研究了田间条件下的光合特性.结果表明:6个猕猴桃品种的光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)的日变化均为双峰曲线.在10:Oo时出现第一峰值,红阳、楚红、金魁、徐香、金香和海沃德的光合速率(Pn)分别为13.4、16.8、11.4、12.5、12.3和11.6 μmol·m·s,12:00-14:00时出现午休,在14:00时到达低谷,光合速率(P)分别为10.2、10.9、4.6、9.1、8.3和7.2 μmol·m·s.,16:00时出现第二峰值,光合速率(Pn)分别为11.8、11.9、5.3、11.4、11.3和8 μmol·m·s.美味猕猴桃品种(金魁、徐香、金香和海沃德)的Ci日变化曲线呈"W"型,中华猕猴桃品种(红阳和楚红)的Ci日变化曲线呈"V"型.对不同猕猴桃品种光响应曲线的研究表明,备品种皆是喜光植物,楚红的耐荫性最强,徐香最弱,楚红、红阳、金魁的光能利用范围较大,金香、海沃德居中.徐香最窄.%In order to improve the kiwifruit cultivation and management, the photosynthetic characteristics of the main kiwifruit cultivars measured in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, such as Hongyang, Chuhong, Jinkui,Xuxiang, Jinxiang and Hayward were conducted. The results showed that the diurnal variation curves of net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomata conductance (Gs) of six main varieties of kiwifruit were bimodal curves. The first maximum appeared at 10:00, the values of Pn of Hongyang, Chuhong, Jinkui, Xuxiang, Jinxiang and Hayward werel3.4, 16.8, 11.4, 12. 5, 12.3 and 11.6 μmol·m-2·s-1 , respectively. The midday depression occurred at 12:00-14:00, the minimun values of Pn at 14:00 were 10. 2, 10. 9, 4.6, 9.1, 8.3 and 7.2μmol · m-2 · s-1 , respectively. The second peak occurred at 16:00 with the Pn values of 11.8, 11.9,5.3,11.4,11.3 and 8μmol·m-2·s-1 respectively. The diurnal variation of concentration Intercellular CO2 (Ci)in the Actinidia deliciosa. cultivars (Jinkui, Xuxiang, Jinxiang and Hayward) were“W” type, while the Actinidia chinensis. cultivars (Hongyang and Chuhong) were “V” type. Six varieties of kiwifruit were all photophilous types. Cultiver Chuhong was the strongest in shading-tolerance and Xuxiang was the weakest. The range of the light energy utilization of Chuhong, Hongyang and Jinkui were widder than Xuxiang, while Jinxiang and Hayward were in the middle.