8种落叶栎类种子形态特征比较分析

摘要

以北京、河南和陕西不同产地的栓皮栎、麻栎、锐齿栎、房山栎、辽东栎、蒙古栎、夏栎、沼生栎等8种落叶栎类种子为研究对象,测定每粒种子的重量、种长、直径、包被长、碗疤直径和体积等形态指标,分析了不同种类、不同产地种子形态差异以及种内各因子之间的相互关系.结果表明:8种落叶栎类种子百粒重、长度、直径、体积、包被长和碗疤直径平均值分别为(266.18±80.23)g、(20.70±1.51)mm、(14.65±2.07)mm、(2.82±0.91)cm33、(8.90±2.27)mm和(9.93±2.02)mm,不同种类、不同产地、不同个体栎类种子形态指标差异明显,指标间相关性较强；因子分析提出了落叶栎类种子3个公因子分别为:与直径相关的指标、与包被长相关的指标以及与种长相关的指标.为植物数量分类及相关研究提供参考.%The morphological indices of 8 species of the deciduous oak (Quercus variabilis , Q. acuthsima Q. aliena var. acuteserrata, Q. fangshanensis , Q. liaotungensis , Q. mongolica , Q. robur and Q. palustris ) seeds from Beijing, He'nan, and Shaanxi were examined. Six morphological indices including weight, length, diameter, peridium length, diameter of cupule scare and volume were measured. The seed morphological index variation of different species were analyzed and compared. The mean values of the a-bove-mentioned morphological indices of the oak seed were (2. 66 ± 0. 80)g, (20. 70±1. 51)mm, (14. 65 ± 2. 07)mm, (2. 82 ± 0. 91)cm3, (8. 90 ± 2. 27)mm, and (9. 93 ± 2. 02)mm, respectively. Significant differences were observed in all morphological indices among different species, provenances and individuals, and there existed significant and close correlations among the indices. Three common morphological indices, including seed diameter , seed peridium length, and seed length, were suggested.