城市化的不断蔓延使大量的失地农民从原有的村落搬迁到集中式的居住小区内,居住环境发生了很大变化.由于意识的惯性和滞后性,农民往往还偏爱原来的生境.本研究选择与建筑相关性强、生态效益显著的乔木,分别采取系统抽样法和分层系统抽样法获得10个传统村落样本和18个动迁小区样本,比较分析上海地区传统村落和动迁小区的树种多样性差异.结果表明,传统村落的Fisher多样性指数α＜动迁小区,分别为6.34和7.50,但Alatalo均匀度指数高于后者,分别为0.60和0.58.动迁小区的多样性指数在区域上表现为递减趋势,即以外环线以内最大,外环线以外/郊环线以内其次,郊环线以外最小;以2000年代新建小区的多样性指数＜1990年代所建小区.各取优势种的前4种看,传统村落有水杉、柑橘、香樟和柿树,动迁小区有桂花、香樟、女贞和银杏,其中仅香樟相同.常落比以动迁小区较高,为3∶1,传统村落为2∶2,可见动迁小区比传统住区更多地应用常绿树种.%As the development of urbanization,more and more land-lost farmers left their original villages and relocated to centralized residential districts,resulting in great changes in leaving environment.Farmers often miss their original habitats rather than new home.This study explored the differences of tree species diversity between traditional villages and relocated quarter in Shanghai.Ten traditional villages and 18 relocated quarters were sampled and surveyed on-site well.Fisher α of traditional village was lower than that of relocated quarter (6.34 and 7.50,respectively),while Alatalo evenness index (Ea) was on the contrary (0.60 and 0.58 respectively).The a of relocated quarters showed decreased trend from the highest at inner outer-ring road to the middle at outer-ring road and inner suburb-ring road and the lowest at outer suburbring road.And the α of new quarters in 2000s was lower than that of old quarter in 1990s.The top 4 dominant species were different between the two residential types except for the species Cinnamomum camphora.Ratio of evergreen and deciduous species was 3 ∶ 1 in relocated quarter and 2 ∶ 2 in traditional village.We may conclude that relocated quarter applies more evergreen tree than in traditional villages.
展开▼
