As an important literary form ,local colorism ,which was originated in the late of 1860s and the early of 1970s ,not ceasing its dominant fashion until the turn of 20th century ,had the American literature break away from the tradition of European literature and become an independent form of literature———the true American literature to which it made a historical contribution .It produced considerable impacts on the development of the American literature .Taking Mark Twain ,one of the major representatives of the local colorists ,and one of his local colorist works ,The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ,as an example ,the present paper made an analysis on the local colorism and its impacts on the development of the American literature .%作为现实主义文学的一种重要形式，始于19世纪60年代末和70年代初的美国文学的本土色彩，使美国文学摆脱了欧洲文学传统，向独立的美国文学迈进，对真正的美国文学的形成和发展作出了不可磨灭的历史贡献。以美国本土色彩文学的主要代表人物马克·吐温和他的《汤姆·索亚历险记》为例，简要分析了美国文学史上的本土色彩及其对美国文学发展的影响。
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