酸枣仁提取物对尼古丁行为敏感化大鼠模型的疗效及作用

摘要

Objectives? To observe the therapeutic effect of Jujube seeds extract on the sensitisation of rat nicotine behaviour, and to explore its neurochemical mechanism. Methods? Thirty-six adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into normal saline group (group A), single nicotine group (group B), nicotine behavioural sensitisation model group (group C), and jujube seed low-dose treatment group (group D), high dose treatment group (group E) and high dose of jujube group (group F). Groups C, D and E were injected subcutaneously with nicotine [0.4 mg/(kg·d)] for 7 days. Groups A, B and F were injected with the same volume of normal saline for 7 days, and then discontinued for 3 days. During the withdrawal period, the D, E and F groups were administered with the jujube extract once a day respectively (low dose group: 60 mg/kg, high dose group: 180 mg/kg), and groups A, B and C were administered with equal volume of drinking water. On the third day, 1 hour after gastrointestinal administration, except for the A and F groups, the other groups of rats were given an activated dose of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg). Immediately after using the rat spontaneous activity detection system to detect the spontaneous activity of rats within 60 min, then the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect the dopamine content in rat striatum. Results? Compared with group A and group B, the spontaneous activity of rats in group C increased significantly, while the sensitisation of spontaneous activity caused by multiple nicotine was decreased in D and E group in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously the high-dose jujube kernel treatment itself did not significantly change the spontaneous activity of the rats. HPLC showed that the dopamine content in C group was significantly higher than that of B group, while it was significantly reduced in D and E group. Conclusions? Jujube seeds can improve the behavioural sensitisation of nicotine rats, and its mechanism may be related to the reduction of dopamine content in the striatum of rat brain.%目的? 观察酸枣仁提取物对大鼠尼古丁行为敏感化的治疗作用,并探讨其神经化学作用机制.方法? 36只成年Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为生理盐水组(A组)、单次尼古丁组(B组)、尼古丁行为敏感化模型组(C组)、酸枣仁低剂量治疗组(D组)、酸枣仁高剂量治疗组(E组)和高剂量酸枣仁组(F组).C、D和E组皮下注射尼古丁[0.4 mg/(kg·d)]7 d,A、B、F组注射等体积生理盐水7 d,后停药3 d.在停药期, D、E和F组分别灌胃给酸枣仁提取物每天1次(低剂量组:60 mg/kg,高剂量组:180 mg/kg),A、B和C组灌胃等体积饮用水.第3天灌胃后1 h,除A和F组外,其余各组大鼠给予激发剂量的尼古丁(0.4 mg/kg),后立即利用大鼠自发活动量检测系统检测60 min内大鼠自发活动量,并采用超高效液相色谱法检测大鼠纹状体内多巴胺含量.结果? 与A和B组相比,C组大鼠的自发活动量明显增加,而D组和E组剂量依赖性地抑制多次尼古丁所致自发活动量敏感化增加;但高剂量酸枣仁治疗本身(F组)没有明显改变大鼠自发活动量.超高效液相色谱法检测显示,C组大鼠纹状体多巴胺含量与B组大鼠相比有明显增高,而D组和E组中尼古丁敏感化引起的纹状体多巴胺含量显著降低.结论? 酸枣仁可改善尼古丁大鼠行为敏感化,其作用机制可能与降低大鼠脑内纹状体内多巴胺含量有关.