论字体与字形

摘要

The shapes and styles of Chinese characters are a couple of easily confused concepts in the Chinese philology.Different understanding about the two concepts will directly influence the view of other phenomena in Chinese characters.Based on purely Chinese philology,we argue that the styles of Chinese characters are the big types and general styles of mass Chinese characters which are formed as a result of a combination of factors such as carriers,localities,writing habits,etc.in the process of their development.However,the shapes of Chinese characters refer to the features of individual characters within mass Chinese characters,which comprise two layers of attributes,namely,ontological ones and relational ones.%字体与字形是汉字学当中两个比较容易混同的概念,对这两个概念的不同理解将直接影响对于汉字学其他现象的看法。我们认为从纯文字学的角度言之,字体指汉字发展过程中因载体、地域、书写等因素形成的群体汉字的大类型、总风格。而字形则是某一群体汉字内部个体字的特征而言,它包含本体属性和关系属性两个方面。