月球着陆器软着陆稳定性关键影响因素分析

摘要

为了得到四腿悬架式着陆器软着陆稳定性判据及提高其软着陆稳定性,建立了软着陆过程动力学模型,在此基础上提出了软着陆稳定性相关判断准则,并于ADAMS中建立着陆器及月壤的参数化模型.通过软着陆动力学仿真,重点分析了着陆速度、月面倾角以及偏航角等参数对软着陆稳定性的影响.研究结果表明,采用对称模式着陆,竖直着陆速度不大于4 m/s,水平着陆速度不大于1 m/s,能够确保着陆器安全稳定地着陆,若沿月表斜坡着陆,尽量沿上坡方向着陆,且月表斜面坡度不宜大于10°.%A kinetic model of the soft-landing is built to obtain the soft-landing stability criterion of lunar lander with four suspension legs and improve its soft-landing stabiliby. On this basis, the soft-landing stability criterion of lunar lander is derived. The parametric models of lunar lander and lunar soil are built by the ADAMS software. The influences of landing velocity, inclination of lunar surface and yaw angle of lunar lander on the soft-landing stability are analyzed mainly by the process simulation of soft-landing. Investigation results show that lunar lander symmetrically landing, and the vertical and horizontal landing velocities are not more than 4 m/s and 1 m/s make the landing safe and stable. If landing on the slope of lunar surface, the level velocity of lunar lander should be along the uphill direction, and the degree of the slope gradient cannot be greater than 10°