生态环境修复资金管理模式的比较与选择

摘要

目前我国缺乏对生态环境修复资金管理的统一规范,实践中存在政府财政资金管理、法院执行款账户管理、公益基金会管理、公益信托管理四种做法,并可以被进一步归纳为公权力主导的管理模式与民间力量主导的管理模式.不同资金管理模式在合法性、合目的性方面存在较大差异.生态环境恢复费本质上属于恢复环境的行为责任的具体履行方式,应当由责任者自行决定费用的管理模式.生态环境损害赔偿金的使用与政府的环境保护公共服务职能契合,应当由政府主导管理,但在具体管理模式的选择上,则更适宜引入民间力量以提高资金管理与使用的灵活性与效率.%At present, there isn't a unified standard for the management of environmental remediation funds in China.In practice, there are four methods for the management of the funds, including government fiscal funds, court execution accounts, public welfare foundations and charitable trusts, which can be further summarized as the public-power-dominated mode and the civil-power-dominated mode.The legitimacy and availability of these modes are different.The funds for the ecological restoration are essentially identified as a specific implementation of the behavioral liability for the environmental restoration, the management model of the funds shall be decided by responsible person.While, the compensation funds for the damage to the ecological environment is one part of the public service functions of government, which should be managed by the government dominantly.Nevertheless, when it comes to the selection of specific management model, it is more appropriate to introduce civil power into the management model in order to improve the flexibility and efficiency.