球形容器泄爆过程影响因素的数值模拟

摘要

In order to study the influence factors during gas venting process in spherical vessels and the basic law of pressure change, a mathematical model was established according to the equations of energy conservation, mass conservation, momentum conservation, and chemical composition equilibricem. The pressure at supervised points during venting process was measured by Fluent software according to the k-e turbulent model and EDC combustion model, The response surface method was used to discuss the influences of vent aperture, vent pressure and container size. Results showed that the greater the venting aperture , the greater the risk coefficient. Improper size of rupture pressure increased venting risk. Therefore reasonable control of vent aperture, rupture pressure and container size had a great effect on in actual explosion relief of spherical vessel during venting process.%为了研究球形容器内气体泄爆过程的影响因素及压力传播的基本规律,从能量守恒方程、质量守恒方程、动量守恒方程及化学组分平衡方程出发,建立了泄爆的数学模型,采用k-ε湍流模型和涡耗散概念模型即EDC燃烧模型,利用Fluent软件对该过程进行数值模拟,得到泄爆过程中不同时刻监测点的压力.用响应面曲线的方法讨论泄孔比、泄爆压力、容器体积对球形容器泄爆过程的影响,结果表明:泄孔比越大,危险系数越大；破膜压力过大或过小都将增大危险性；容器体积越大,越容易产生危险.因此,实际球形容器防爆泄压中,合理控制泄爆孔径、破膜压力和容器体积将对泄爆过程中产生的影响及泄爆效果至关重要.