动力学视角下的冲突解决策略

摘要

传统的冲突解决策略是基于问题解决模型，它着眼于各方的利益关系和沟通、控制等因素在解决冲突中的作用；动力学系统模型主要从推动冲突的吸引子出发，探讨冲突演化的过程。动力学的观点认为，冲突解决的关键在于改变系统内在的动力学性质，即引发和决定冲突演化趋向的吸引子，冲突的解决策略则主要从打破系统的封闭性、改变系统的反馈环路、恢复系统的多维性、创造和激活潜在的正性吸引子等方面入手。冲突解决的最终目的是使冲突各方形成新的心理和行为模式和不同于以往的心理和社会环境。%Traditional conflict resolution strategy is based on a problem-solving model which focuses on the role played by such factors in conflict resolution as the interest relations,communication and con-trol between different parties. Unlike the problem-solving model,the dynamic system model highlights the role played by the attractor which promotes the escalation of conflict,and explores the evolutionary process of a conflict. From the dynamic perspective,the key to conflict resolution consists in changing the inherent dynamical nature of a conflict system,which means changing the attractor that initiates and determines the evolution of a conflict in time. The dynamic conflict resolution strategies involve breaking up the closed system of a conflict,changing its feedback loops,restoring the multidimension-ality of its system and creating and activating the latent attractors. The ultimate aims of conflict resolu-tion are to form a new mental and behavior pattern along with a different psychological and social envi-ronment.