采血因素对 SD 大鼠血小板检测结果的影响

摘要

Objective To investigate the impacts of blood collection factors on platelet count and platelet aggregation rate in SD rats.Methods Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:standard blood collection group,large-caliber blood collection tube group,small-caliber blood collection tube group,unfavorable platelet count and untimely mix group and insufficient blood collection group,with 10 rats in each group.Blood samples(<1.6 mL in insufficient blood collection group,2.0 mL in other four groups)were taken from the femoral artery to determine platelet number and platelet aggregation rate and to observe blood coagulation conditions.Results Blood coagulation rates were 40.0%,10.0%,50.0%,0.0% and 0.0% in small-caliber blood col-lection tube group,large-caliber blood collection tube group,unfavorable platelet count and un-timely mix group,standard blood collection group and insufficient blood collection group,respec-tively.Compared with standard blood collection group,blood coagulation rate significantly in-creased in small-caliber blood collection tube group and unfavorable platelet count and untimely mix group(P <0.01).There were no significant differences in blood coagulation rate among large-caliber blood collection tube group,standard blood collection group and insufficient blood collec-tion group(P >0.05).Compared with standard blood collection group,small-caliber blood collec-tion tube group or large-caliber blood collection tube group,platelet count significantly decreased in unfavorable platelet count and untimely mix group and insufficient blood collection group(P <0.01).There were no significant differences in platelet count among standard blood collection group,small-caliber blood collection tube group and large-caliber blood collection tube group(P >0.05).In addition,no significant differences in platelet aggregation rate were found among the five groups(P >0.05).Conclusion Large-caliber blood collection tubes,smooth blood collection, timely mix(mix by inversion 3-5 times)and accurate blood collection volume(2.0 mL)are neces-sary for the determination of platelet number and platelet aggregation rate.%目的：探讨采血因素对 SD 大鼠血小板计数及血小板聚集率测定的影响。方法将50只 SD 大鼠按随机数字表法分为5组：标准采血组、大口径试管采血组、小口径试管采血组，采血不顺利、混匀不及时组及采血量不够组，每组10只。各组分别从 SD 大鼠股动脉处抽血2．0 mL（采血量不够组＜1．6 mL）进行血小板计数及血小板聚集率的检测，以观察血液标本凝固的情况。结果小口径采血管组血液凝固率为40．0％，大口径采血管组血液凝固率为10．0％，采血不顺利、混匀不及时组血液凝固率为50．0％，标准采血组及采血量不够组血液凝固率均为0．0％。小口径采血管组及采血不顺利、混匀不及时组发生血液凝固率均明显高于标准采血组（均 P ＜0．01）；大口径采血管组、标准采血组及采血量不够组血液凝固率比较差异均无统计学意义（均 P ＞0．05）。采血不顺利、混匀不及时组及采血量不够组血小板计数均低于标准采血组、大口径采血管组及小口径采血管组（均 P ＜0．01），标准采血组、大口径采血管组及小口径采血管组比较差异均无统计学意义（均 P ＞0．05）。各组血小板聚集率比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论行血小板计数及血小板聚集率等方面检测时，需要用大口径试管采血，采血要顺利，采血混匀要及时，血液流入试管及时颠倒混匀3～5次；采血量要准确达2．0 mL。