ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the testis (PNET) and its prognosis .Methods Clinical data of 1 case of PNET treated in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed and relevant literature was reviewed .Results The patient had a painless mass on the left side of the scrotum ,with diameter about 5 .0 cm .Ultrasound showed testis mass and varicocele on the left side ,and no abnormality was observed on the right side .Blood HCG ,LDH and AFP examinations showed no abnormalities .Abdominal and pelvic CT showed no distant metasta‐sis .Radical resection was performed .The pathological Conclusions showed testicular primitive neuroectodermal tumor .Immu‐nohistochemical Conclusions showed:Vimentin (+ ) ,CD99 (+ ) ,HCG (topical+ ) ,AE1/AE3 (-) ,PLAP (-) ,Glypincan‐3 (-) ,LCA (topical+ ) ,Syn(-) ,Ki67 (about 40% + ) .Multiple retroperitoneal nodes were observed 1 month after surger‐y ,which disappeared after 3‐week chemotherapy .CT scan in the 6th week showed visible nodules on the left lower lobe and multiple enlarged lymph nodes around the abdominal aorta ,and the largest lymph node was 3 .6cm in diametert ,which sugges‐ted tumor metastasis .Conclusions Pathological and immunohistochemical conclusions are basic for the diagnosis of PNET . CT can show the internal structure of the tumor and locate it .But PNET is highly malignant with poor prognosis .There is no standardized treatment for it ,and better treatment options still need to be explored .%目的：探讨睾丸内的原始神经外胚层肿瘤（PNET ）的临床特征、病理特点及预后，提高对该病的诊疗水平。方法文献复习及报道我院诊治的经影像学及病理证实的睾丸PNET 1例。结果患者左侧阴囊无痛性肿物，直径约5 cm。彩超示：左侧睾丸占位，左侧精索静脉曲张，右侧未及异常。血HCG、LDH、AFP检查均无异常，胸部全腹盆腔CT未见远处转移，经根治性切除获得病理标本。病理结果：睾丸原始神经外胚层恶性肿瘤；免疫组化：Vimentin（＋）、CD99（＋）、HCG（区域＋）、AE1／AE3（－）、PLAP（－）、Glypincan‐3（－）、LCA（区域＋）、Syn（－）、Ki67（约40％＋）。术后1个月出现腹膜后多发肿大，行化疗3周后消失，于第6周复查C T示：左肺下叶可见结节灶，腹主动脉周围多发肿大淋巴结，最大直径3.6 cm ，考虑肿瘤发生转移。结论睾丸PNET的病理和免疫组化可提供诊断依据。CT能较好地显示肿瘤的内部结构，明确肿瘤的位置。但该病恶性度高，预后极差，治疗方法无统一标准，需探索最佳的治疗方案。
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