胶质瘤恶性程度分级的功能性磁共振成像研究进展

摘要

胶质细胞瘤是最常见的颅内恶性肿瘤,其生长特点为浸润性生长,与正常脑组织无明显界限,偏良性者生长缓慢,病程较长,恶性者瘤体生长快,病程短.因此,对于临床治疗而言,胶质瘤的准确分级是非常必要的.目前,随着影像学技术的快速发展,功能磁共振成像不仅可为临床提供精细解剖信息,还可以提供肿瘤功能及代谢等方面的信息.因此,该文综述了扩散加权成像(DWI)、磁共振波谱成像(MRS)、扩散张量成像(DTI)、灌注加权成像(PWI)、磁敏感加权成像(SWI)等功能MRI技术在胶质瘤恶性程度分级诊断中的应用,从而更准确地指导临床个体化治疗.%Glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor with invasive growth,and has no obvious bounda-ry with normal brain tissue.Histopathological distribution of gliomas is complex between low grade and high grade.Pa-tients with low grade tumors live longer,whereas higher ones do otherwise.Therefore,the accurate classification of gli-omas is very necessary.At present,with the development of imaging technology,functional magnetic resonance imaging can provide more detailed information on functional and metabolic changes beyond clinical information.In the present paper,magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS),diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI),diffusion tensor imaging(DTI), perfusion weighted imaging(PWI),magnetic susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI)and other functional MRI tech-niques are reviewed to classify the grade of glioma,so as to accurately guide the clinical individual treatment.