江西省城乡居民健康素养状况及影响因素调查分析

摘要

目的：了解江西省居民健康营养现状，探索影响居民健康素养的相关因素，为政府部门制定健康促进相关政策提供科学依据。方法选取2012年6~12月在江西省11个县（区）33个乡镇（街道）中，采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取3289名年龄15～69岁常住人口。结果江西省居民健康素养总体水平为7.58%；基本健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康基本技能具备率分别为13.47%、11.56%、8.04%；科学健康观、安全与急救素养、传染病防治素养、健康信息素养、慢性病防治素养、基本医疗素养分别为31.47%、29.28%、12.22%、11.00%、9.69%、4.79%。logistic回归分析显示，文化程度、职业、平均月收入是居民健康素养的独立影响因素（P<0.05）。公务员和医务人员的健康素养具备率明显高于其他职业人群（OR=3.954、3.822，P=0.016、0.010）。结论应根据不同人群的特征加强开展居民健康教育干预工作，重点关注低文化水平、低收入人群的素养状况，针对性地提高全省人群的健康素养水平。%Objective To understand the health nutritional status among residents in Jiangxi Province and to explore the related factors influencing the residents health literacy to provide a scientific basis for the government departments to formulate the health promotion related policy. Methods A total 3 289 permanent residents aged 15-69 years old were extracted from 33 villages and towns(streets) in 11 counties(districts) of Jiangxi Pprovince from June to December 2012 by using the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. Results The overall level of residents health literacy in Jiangxi Province was 7.58%;the pro-portions of basic health knowledge and idea,healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and health basic skills were 13.47%,11.56% and 8.04%respectively;the proportions of scientific health concept,safety and emergency literacy,prevention and treatment literacy of infectious diseases,health information literacy,prevention and treatment literacy of chronic disease and basic medical literacy were 31.47%,29.28%,12.22%,11.00%,9.69%and 4.79%respectively. The Logistic regression analysis showed that the culture degree,occupation and average month income were the independent influencing factors of residents health literacy (P<0.05). The proportion of health literacy in civil servants and medical staffs was significantly higher than that in other occupation groups (OR=3.954,3.822,P=0.016,P=0.010). Conclusion Conducting the resident health education intervention work should be strength-ened according to the characteristics of different populations. The populations of low cultural level and low income should be fo-cused for pertinently increasing the health literacy level in population of the whole province.