Objective To determine the correlation between Iron Deficiency Anemia(IDA) and Helicobacter pylori(HP) infection in pre-menopause female. Methods Collect 154 cases of pre-menopause female iron deficiency anemia outpatient and in-patient and 87 cases of healthy female outpatient for physical examination from February 2009 to March 2011 from Shaanxi Province People's Hospital. The incidence of HP infection was detected by serum urease antibody. The patients of IDA associated with HP positive was divided into two groups in random. Group 1(39 cases) and HP negative group(76 cases) were given iron alone,group 2(39 cases) were given eradication of HP infection and iron. Routine blood test and serum ferritin (SF) were measured pre and post treatment in the study groups on the second and fourth week. Results ①The cases of HP positive in the study group was 78(infection rate 50. 65%) and in the control group was 32(infection rate 36. 79%) ,the two groups had significance statistical difference (P<0. 05). ②After 4 weeks of therapy,SF of HP positive group 2 was significantly higher than group 1(0. 005