无乳链球菌耐药性及分子分型方法的研究进展

摘要

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria in Streptococcus, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS). S.agalactiae pathogenicity is mainly caused by virulence factor and surface protein.The virulence factors include capsule polysaccharide, hemolysin, pilus Island, hyaluronidase, glycerol kinase and CAMP factor.The surface protein is alpha C protein, surface immunoglobulin, adhesion protein, fibrinogen binding protein, laminin binding protein and fibrinolytic protein.The statistical data of S.agalactiae resistance nearly eight years showed that S.agalactiae has been resistant to nineteen kinds of antimicrobial drugs, and twenty resistance genes and twelve virulence factors have been detected.The molecular typing methods of S.agalactiae are mainly devoted to serotypes, multipoint sequences, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, pilus island and pre-bacterial phage genotyping in China and abroad.The biological characteristics, epidemiological pathogenicity, drug resistance and molecular typing of S.agalactiae were reviewed in this paper, so as to study further on S.agalactiae resistance mechanism, and the development of new typical drugs for S.agalactiae therapy will provide new research directions.%无乳链球菌 (Streptococcus agalactiae) 是链球菌属最主要的致病菌之一, 又被称为B群链球菌 (group B Streptococcus, GBS) .S.agalactiae致病性主要由毒力因子和表面蛋白引起, 毒力因子包括荚膜多糖、溶血素、菌毛岛屿、透明质酸酶、磷酸甘油激酶和CAMP因子, 表面蛋白是αC蛋白、表面免疫相关蛋白、黏附蛋白、纤维蛋白原结合蛋白、层黏连蛋白结合蛋白和纤溶酶受体蛋白.近8年的S.agalactiae耐药情况统计数据发现, S.agalactiae已对19种抗菌抗药物产生耐药, 检出20个耐药基因和12种毒力因子.国内外S.agalactiae分子分型方法主要致力于血清型、多位点序列、脉冲场凝胶电泳、菌毛岛屿和细菌前噬菌体基因分型.本文阐述了S.agalactiae生物学特性、流行性致病信息、耐药性研究现状和分子分型方法研究进展, 以期为进一步探明S.agalactiae耐药机制、开发治疗S.agalactiae的新型药物提供参考.