采用传统平板分离培养方法和PCR-DGGE技术研究了水稻秸秤腐解复合菌系RSS-4在腐解稻秆过程中菌种区系变化情况.结果表明:平板分离培养方法显示,在稻秆腐解过程中,微生物的数量呈现出先升后降的变化趋势,在整个腐解过程中细菌的数量占优势；DGGE图谱显示,至少有12种细菌和18种真菌的近缘种参与到稻秆的腐解过程.在其腐解过程中,不同腐解阶段真菌的组成呈现出多样性,数量变化差异也较大:细菌DGGE图谱中的条带1、9、10等以及真菌DGGE图谱中的条带8、9、13等为优势菌株,它们贯穿于稻秆腐解的整个过程；细菌中的条带12以及真菌中的条带4在腐解的前期起作用,而后迅速消失；细菌中的条带3、11等以及真菌中的条带3、10等在腐解的后期才出现而起作用；而细菌中的条带2以及真菌中的条带1、5等仅出现在腐解的某一时期.%The variation during the decomposition process of rice straw by microbial communities of the complex microbial system RSS-4 to decompose rice straw was studied with the traditional pure cultivation method ( TPCM ) and the PCR-DCCE technology. The results indicated that with the TPCM showed that during the decomposition process of rice straw the microbial quantity appeared a variation tendency of raising first then descending, and the during the whole decomposition process the quantity of bacteria was predominant. PCR-DGCE atlas showed that at least 12 kinds of bacteria and close relative of 18 kinds of fungi took parts the degradation process. During the decomposition process fungal component appeared diversities at different decomposition stages, and their quantity varied largely. Band 1, 9 and 10 appearing in 16S rDNA bacterial DGGE test, and band 8, 9 and 13 appearing in 18S rDNA fungal DGGE test were dominant strains. They impenetrated the whole degradation process of rice straw. However, band 12 of 16S rDNA bacterial DGGE atlas and band 4 of 18S rDNA fungal DGGE atlas worked at the early stage and then disappeared rapidly later. Band 3 and 11 of 16S rDNA bacterial DGGE atlas and band 3, and 10 of 18S rDNA fungal DGGE atlas not appeared until later phase. Moreover, band 2 in 16S rDNA bacterial DGGE atlas and band 1, 5 etc. In 18S rDNA fungal DGGE atlas appeared alternately in a certain stage.
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