PKR（ Protein Kinase Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent ）是丝氨酸-苏氨酸催化酶，细胞浆中重要的RNA传感器（RNA sensor），能自身磷酸化，也可使真核细胞初始化因子2亚单位（subunit of eukaryotic initiation fac-tor 2， eIF-2α）磷酸化。 PKR结合病毒dsRNA通过激活PKR／eIF-2α信号通路，抑制病毒基因的翻译，降低病毒蛋白合成，有效减少病毒复制。 PKR还可通过激活IκB（ inhibitor of NF-κB）／转导核因子（ NF-κB， nuclear factor κB）信号通路抑制病毒的转录。 PKR与肿瘤的发生具有相关性，能作为治疗癌症的靶点。本文主要综述PKR的分子生物学性质、PKR分子的活化、PKR对IFN转录和转录后的调节、PKR的信号转导、PKR对非病毒病原体感染的调节、PKR对肿瘤细胞的调节等方面的最新进展。%PKR ( Protein Kinase Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent ) is a serine/threonine catalytic enzyme , an im-portant RNA sensor in cell plasm , that could auto-phosphorylate , also could phosphorylate α-subunit of eukaryotic cells initialization factor 2α( eIF2α) .PKR binding viral dsRNA inhibits translation of viral gene through stimulating signal path to decrease viral protein synthesis , and effectively to reduce viral replication .In addition, PKR could also inhibit viral transcription through stimulating IκB(inhibitor of NF-κB)/NF-κB(nuclear factor κB)signal pathway. PKR has reciprocity with genesis of tumor and can be used as a target of cancer therapy .In this paper , we mainly re-view recent progress on the molecular biology character , the activation , the regulating to IFN ’ s transcription and translation, the signaling pathway , the protection against non-viral pathogen infection and the modulating tumor cells of PKR, and preview the perspectives of PKR studying .
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