芽孢与芽胞

摘要

在微生物的教学和科研过程中，“芽孢”和“芽胞”两种表述常常混用，造成了概念混乱，有必要对这一问题展开深入的讨论。从DNA的复制和传递、芽孢的分化和成熟等过程来看，芽孢形成过程是一个繁殖的过程；从芽孢的形状、大小、化学组成、结构和抗性等特性来看，芽孢与放线菌和霉菌的孢子更相近，而与营养细胞差距较大。通过综合比较，作者认为“芽孢”是比“芽胞”更科学的称谓。%During the teaching and scientific study on microbiology, the two conveys of gemma,“芽孢”and“芽胞”as translated in Chinese, are often confused that caused the chaos of the concepts.Therefore, it is necessary to go into a discussion to solve the problem.From the view during the process of DNA replication and transmission, and the differ-entiation and maturity of gemma, the formation process of gemmae is a process of reproduction; from the view of the shape, the size, the chemical components, the structure, the resistance, and the other features, gemmae are closer to spores of actinomycetes and mold, but have more differences than vegetative cells.Therefore, through comprehensive comparison, the author regards the Chinese translation of“芽孢”as more scientific appellation than“芽胞”for gemma.