中小城市地表温度空间分异及其与下垫面关系的遥感影像研究

摘要

Based on Landsat 5 thematic mapper（TM） data,the land surface temperature（LST） of urban area in Nanyang were retrieved by using a mono-window algorithm method.The spatial differentiation of LST and its relationship with land surface parameters were analyzed.The results indicated that the high LST patches are mainly concentrated in warehouse area and public service area.The effect of the high LST in these areas on urban environment is negative.The water body by blocking river is the larger low LST patch,and it is positive to adjust the urban thermal environment and blocking river measurement of small-medium city.The spatial autocorrelation of LST has obvious differences in the different directions,and its range is large in east-west and northeast-southwest directions,which is related to the distribution of water body.There is a significant positive correlation between LST and road density index.Accordingly,it suggests that more water bodies and green spaces should be elaborately inserted into the warehouse lands to discretize large-area urban heat island effect for improving the urban environment.%以Landsat TM影像为主要数据源,采用单窗算法反演河南省南阳市市区的地表温度。在GIS支持下,研究全区地表温度空间分异特征,并探讨地表温度与下垫面特征的关系。结果表明：研究区内,高温斑块主要集中在仓储区和商业与公共服务区,该类区域过高的LST对城市环境有明显的负面影响;拦蓄河流所营造的水体是面积较大的低温斑块,对改善城市热环境和中小型城市拦蓄河流措施有一定意义;研究区内LST的空间自相关性在不同方向上有明显差别,东—西方向和东北—西南方向上,空间自相关的范围较大,这种格局与区内水体走向有关;地表温度与道路密度指数呈明显正相关。提出中小城市可在仓储用地和交通发达地段周边规划绿地和水体,以抑制城市热岛呈大面积连片分布。