采用3.5%NaC1溶液中预制裂纹的方法测试了2124高强铝合金的应力腐蚀裂纹扩展长度随时间的变化,获得了裂纹扩展速率随腐蚀时间的变换规律及应力腐蚀断裂韧性界限值,并对断口进行分析.根据裂纹扩展的基本规律,运用灰色理论GM(1,1)模型,依据2124铝合金应力腐蚀开裂裂纹扩展长度的原始数据进行了灰色预测,并对预测结果进行检验.结果表明:裂纹扩展速度随腐蚀时间的延长而逐渐降低,断口呈沿晶断裂,腐蚀产物堆积导致了裂纹的继续扩展,建立的应力腐蚀开裂裂纹预测模型GM(1,1)的MATLAB程序,与实测数据相比,误差较小,具有一定的实用价值.为减少实验时间、快速、科学评价材料的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性提供科学依据.%The making precrack in 3.5％ NaCl solution was used for testing the variation of the stress corrosion crack length with time for 2124 high strength aluminum alloy. The variation law of the crack growth rate with the time and the threshold stress intensity for stress corrosion cracking were obtained. The fractograph was also analyzed. According to the fundamental rules of crack propagation, the grey prediction model GM (1,1) was used for predicting the stress corrosion crack length based on the values experimentally measured, and the predicted results were examined. The results showed that the crack growth rate reduced with the increasing of the corrosion time, and intergranular fracture could be observed. The crack resumed growth was driven by the corrosion production accumulation. It is also shown that the stress corrosion crack length prediction model GM(l, 1) realized by the MATLAB program can produce values closely approximating the measured ones, and the errors were relatively small, which indicated the practical valuation of the model. Using the model, the test time can be reduced, that is to say, the model has provided a scientific evidence for evaluating the material stress corrosion cracking sensitivity rapidly and scientifically.
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