现代不锈钢材料：结构、性能、特点和应用

摘要

A brief introduction of stainless steel was given in this paper, in addition, the microstructure of stainless steel and its influence on the properties were discussed in detail, with emphases on the relationship between the magnetic property of stainless steel and other properties. Moreover, factors that influence its magnetic property are also analyzed. Then a brief introduction of ferritic stainless steel and its physical property were given, with emphases on the classification and physical paramaters of modern ferritic stainless steel. Moreover, comparisons of ferritic stainless steel with commonly used soft magnetic alloys were given. Furthermore, the physical properties of the material were also discussed in detail. Based on these knowledge, a brief introduction of properties of ferritic stainless steel were given, with emphases on many problems associated with their applications, such as saturation magnetization, corrosive resistance, free-cutting machinability, and coercivity, etc. Finally, the Influences of alloy elements on material properties were also discussed in detail.%对不锈钢材料进行了概述，并详细论述了不锈钢材料的微观结构及其对性能的影响，及不锈钢的磁性能与其它性能之间的关系，并对影响不锈钢磁性能的因素进行了分析。接着，对现代铁素体不锈钢材料及其物理性能作了简要介绍，着重介绍了现代铁素体不锈钢材料的分类及描述其性能的主要技术参数，并把该材料与常用的几种软磁合金进行了对比，最后讨论了现代铁素体不锈钢材料的性能特点。在此基础上，对在使用现代铁素体不锈钢材料过程中人们普遍关心的几个问题进行了分析，如饱和磁化、耐蚀能力、易切削性、矫顽力等，并详细讨论了合金元素对材料性能的影响，以供设计人员和材料开发人员参考。