论《说文古籀疏证》文字考释之得失

摘要

Shuowen Guzhou Shu Zheng is the first book using the inscriptions on bronzes to revise the Guzhou and written characters of Shuowen Jiezi, which contributes greatly to the ancient characters’ s interpretation. Since then, scholars tend to study ancient characters with the newly discovered materials. Combining personal scientific understanding of evolution rules of the Chinese characters with a variety of methods, Zhuang Shuzu not only corrected the mistakes of predecessors, but also verified and explained many difficult words. Meanwhile, there exist some deficiencies and mistakes owing to both objective and subjective reasons.%庄述祖的《说文古籀疏证》是第一部以金文、石刻等材料专题考订《说文》古文、籀文的著作。此后，利用古文字资料来校补《说文》中的古文、籀文，成为古文字研究的一个重要方向。庄述祖综合运用字形比较法、偏旁分析法、辞例推勘法、二重证据法以及借助字书、韵书释字等多种文字释读方法，结合其对古文字构形演变规律的科学认识，补正了前人对古文字析形释义中的诸多疏漏、错误，考释出一大批前人误释、未识的古文字字形。同时，由于时代和个人的局限，庄述祖在《说文古籀疏证》的文字考释中，也存在着释字错误、训释有误、古籀概念混淆不清等不足。