一词多义现象的词义演变及动力成因

摘要

This paper investigates the evolution and the impetus of the polysemous-word meanings within the framework of systemic functional grammar.The results show:the evolution of the polysemous-word meanings fit in well with the vine-like model and conforms to the natural development with birth, growth, maturation and death;based on the probability statistics from Brown corpus, it can be proposed the four features of a vine-like model:phototropism, parasitism, regeneration, and animacy;and context, as the exterior impetus of the evolution, deter-mines the choice, restriction and generation of the polysemous-word meanings in a text.%在系统功能语言学的理论框架下通过对一词多义现象的词义演变及动力成因进行考察研究，结果表明：（1）一词多义现象中词义的演变符合藤蔓发展模型，遵循着新生、成长、成熟及死亡的生物自然规律；（2）通过语料库的概率统计，提出一词多义藤蔓发展模型的四大特征：向光性、再生性、寄生性和生命性；（3）语境是词义演变的外部动力，语境决定语篇内一词多义现象中词义的选择、限制和创造。