政府在国家创新体系建设中的作用探析--以美德两国的实践为视角

摘要

Innovation in particular scientific and technological innovation is the fundamental driving force for eco-nomic and social development. The role of governments in the construction of national innovation system is differ-ent. The mode of the US governmentˊs role is reflected in indirect government intervention in production and re-search, while Germanyˊs national innovation system in order to effect the spontaneous market-based, supplemented by state intervention. The Chinese government may play its role in the construction of the national innovation sys-tem by increasing investment in basic research, serving as a bridge in the main body of the innovation and technolo-gy, and constantly improving innovation policy system.%创新特别是科技创新是经济社会发展的根本驱动力。各国政府在国家创新体系建设中的作用有所不同，美国政府的作用方式体现在官产学研的间接干预，而德国的国家创新体系建设以市场自发作用为主，国家干预为辅。我国政府则可通过加大对基础研究的投入力度、发挥政府在创新主体中的桥梁作用以及不断完善技术创新政策体系等途径来发挥其在国家创新体系构建中的作用。