20世纪20年代中美丝商交往论析

摘要

20世纪20年代，以商会和丝业公会为主体开展的中美丝商交往，直接促动了中国丝业的改良。丝业改良一时成为中国丝业界议论的焦点，但讨论和建议多于行动：作为丝业改良的中心环节--蚕种改良和缫丝技术改良难收成效；谋求生丝直接对外贸易的活动也仅仅处于探索阶段。而美国丝商支持和参与的中国丝业改良活动也并不顺利，他们以高校为依托的丝业改良与推广，以及参与的中国合众蚕桑改良会工作，虽取得一定成效，但困难重重；而中美合建的上海生丝检查所只能勉强维持。中美丝商交往的直接动因是美国丝业界为谋求充足而廉价的生丝原料，但改良华丝，扩大对美生丝出口对于中国丝业来说也不无益处。从这个意义说，中国丝商错失了扩大对美出口的极好机会。%The Sino-American silk merchants exchanges in 1920S,which was mainly develped by chamber of commerce and silk guild, promoted Chinese silk reformment. Although the silk merchants payed attentions to the silk reformment for a short time, there was too much discussion and not enough action. As the key to the silk reformment, the silkworm improvement and the silk seeling technology improvement got little results. The activity trying for the raw silk firsthand trade was in the stage of exploration, and the activity supportted by the American silk merchants was in trouble. The reason of the exchang was American silk merchants’seeking plentiful and cheap raw silk meterials, but the silk reformment was also beneficial for China. In this sense, Chinese silk merchants missed opportunity to expand exports to the United States.