《诗经》中有三首涉及“椒”意的诗篇，这里的“意”，不仅指它的实意，还包括丰富的文化内涵。《唐风·椒聊》中“椒”字，据诗意可断非赞男子“子孙众多”而为祝福或赞美女子多子。《陈风·东门之枌》之“椒”字，考民俗有“赠送祝福或传情”之意，并涉及“巫用降神”之意。《周颂·载芟》中的“椒”字则非实指意象，乃通假用法。这里也涉及到诗意与字意之间的关系，我们多从诗意去考字意，但若从相反方向作考察，单个字意的解读也会影响甚至决定诗意。%There’re three poems involving the meaning of“Chinese red peer”in The Book of Songs.This“meaning” not only refers to its real meaning, but also its rich cultural connotations. According to the Interpretation of the poem, the meaning of word“Jiao” in Tang Feng: Jiao Liao is not praising man for“many sons” but the blessing or praise for women’s fertility. On the basis of folk custom, the meaning of word“Jiao” in Chen Feng: Jiao Liao is“to bless or to express emotions as a gift”, which also involves the discussion about whether or not the meaning of“Jiao” is“a witch makes the gods come with Chinese red peer”. The word“Jiao” in Zhou Song: Zai Shan is not real imagery but a interchangeable word. This also involves the relationships between the poem and the word meaning. Generally speakcing, meaning of a word is always explained from the poetic meaning, but if it is explained from the reverse direction, the meaning of a single word may also affect and even decide the interpretation of a poem.
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