清代总理回疆事务参赞大臣治疆反思

摘要

In the long-term governance position , the Xinjiang ministers have accumulated a rich experience in dealing with all the affairs in the special region mainly inhabited by Islamic peoples. They have learnt to get familiar with the adjacent regimes and win the support of the local people and the ministers. At the same time, some lessons are also drawn: partiality for leaders of ethnic minority; frequent transfer of officials; predominance of politics over economy and lack of collaboration in guarding the strategic passes. It is hoped that a proper path can be provided to the current governance of Xinjiang by reflecting on the relevant tactics in history.%清代驻守在新疆南路的总理回疆事务参赞大臣，在长期的守边治边职位上，积累了熟悉邻边、团结人心与离任究过等较为丰富的经验；同时在具体实践中，也体现出一定的教训：偏袒优容少数民族首领、官员更换频繁、重军政略经济、战略要地各自为守等。通过对参赞大臣的治疆反思，以期为当今南疆乃至新疆的治理提供路径。