苏辙乃是“唐宋八大家”中坚之一，其散文以“水”为喻之审美具有如下丰厚意蕴：（1）以“涉海”为喻，说明一个人读书治学应如“东海”之水综观博览，涵纳万方；（2）以治水喻治国，表达作者审时度势的政治眼光和积极进取精神风貌；（3）以“水流”谈“养气”，表达作者以静制动、以柔克刚的生活意绪；（4）以“膏泽”颂扬朝廷君主对黎民百姓的庇祐与带来福祉。苏辙散文以“水”为喻的审美形成之原因亦大致有三：一是苏辙一生独特之治学历程和“儒、道、释”融会贯通之知识结构所使然；二是苏辙独具之沉稳、内敛、不事张扬性格所使然；三是北宋时代文化特质之影响等。与此同时，苏辙散文以“水”为喻之审美与乃兄苏轼同类散文有迥异之美学特征，在我国散文发展史上具有独特的地位与深远意义。%Su Zhe is one of the greatest eight prose masters of the Tang and Song dynasties. His proses have the following significance considering his use of water analogy. Firstly,the analogy of “maritime trip”suggests that one should read large numbers of books with content in wide range like the water of“East Sea”. Secondly,the analogy of water-control expresses the writer’s political standpoint and his proactive attitude. Thirdly,using water current to analog the fostering of “Qi” demonstrates the writer’s life attitude of controlling mobility with stillness and curbing the strong with the weak. Fourthly,he uses dew to analog the emperorˊs concern and protection to his fellows. The reasons why Su Zhe like using water analogies can be concluded in three points. First, his study experience and his learning structure combining“Confucian, Taoism and Shi”;Second,his steady and introverted character;Third,the unique features of culture in Northern Song Dynasty. Meanwhile,Su Zheˊs proses analogized with water are quite different from his brother Su Shi’s proses,which are of important significance in the development history of Chinese proses.
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