美国西部牛仔小说研究述评

摘要

美国的牛仔研究,始于与牛仔有关的传说故事及牛仔小说等文学形式。牛仔小说,作为美国西部文学的重要组成部分,根植于广袤的美国西部大地,渊源于美国社会形成的特殊环境,积淀着美国社会发展中深厚的历史和文化底蕴。牛仔小说通过牛仔小说作家的笔塑造了一个个鲜活的牛仔形象,以独特的文学形式在直接或间接地反映着美国西部发展的历史,20世纪以来,史学界和文学评论界对于牛仔小说的研究和评价始终揭示了这一点。%American cowboy research began with legend,fiction,and other literary forms about cowboys.Cowboy fiction,as one of the important parts of Western American literature,is rooted in the vast land of the western United States;originated from the special circumstances of American society.Cowboy fiction accumulates rich historical and cultural heritage in the development of American society.In cowboy fictions,writers shaped a vivid cowboy image in a unique literary form,directly or indirectly reflecting the historical development of the western United States.This point is also revealed in the historians and literary critics＇ research and evaluation on cowboy fiction since the beginning of the 20th century.