暗管条件下深松对苏打草甸碱土理化性质的影响

摘要

在田间管理模式一致的条件下,通过对无深松、无暗管与无配套措施( ck1),无深松、有暗管(暗管埋深0.8m,埋管间距5 m)与有配套措施(施用猪粪34 m3/hm2、MM改碱剂15 t/hm2)(ck2),以及有深松(深松深度分别为0.3m和0.6 m)、有暗管与有配套措施(分别为S1和S2)处理的研究,得出了暗管条件下不同深松深度对苏打草甸碱土的渗透性、有机质含量以及碱化度、钠离子吸附比等理化性状的影响.结果表明:①与ck1、ck2相比,S1(0.3 m)、S2(0.6m)处理能改善苏打草甸碱土的渗透性,其中,与ck1相比,ck2的K10(水温度为10 ℃时的透水率)增加了13.15倍,S1处理的K10增加了17.23倍,S2处理的K10增加了17.85倍.②与ck1、ck2相比,S1、S2的土壤微团聚体所占的比例均有所上升,且S2处理的效果较好.③与ck1相比,S1、S2处理的土壤有机质含量、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量和阳离子交换量均有所增加,并且S2处理有机质含量较高,比ck1增加3.58 g/kg,比ck2增加0.94 g/kg.④与ck1、ck2相比,S1、S2处理均能降低土壤pH、电导率、全盐量、总碱度、碱化度和钠离子吸附比等,其中,S2处理的效果较好,各化学指标最低,分别为7.34、0.42 ms/cm、2.01 g/kg、2.336 cmol/kg、39.47％和2.405.在暗管条件下,土地深松处理能提高土壤的渗透性,降低土壤PH、电导率、全盐量、总碱度、碱化度和钠离子吸附比等指标,改善土壤理化性质,且土地深松0.6m的处理对苏打盐碱土的改良效果最好.%Under the condition of the same field management mode, by research of no subsoiling, no subsurface pipe and no supporting measures (ck1) , and no subsoiling but having subsurface pipe (buried in the depth of 0.8 m and spacing of 5 m), supporting measures (application of pig manure 34 m3/hm2 and MM modifier 15 t/hm2) (ck2), and having subsoiling (the subsoiling depth are 0.3 m and 0.6 m), subsurface pipe, supporting measures, the paper draws the conclusion that different subsoiling treatments with buried subsurface pipe has an effect on soil permeability, organic matter content and exchangeable sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio and other physical and chemical characters of soda meadow alkaline soil. The results show that ①Compared with ckl and ck2, SI (0.3 m) and S2 (0.6 m) can improve the permeability coefficient of soda meadow alkaline soil; compared with ckl, K10 (indicating soil permeability coefficient being tested at 10 ℃) of ck2 has increased by 13.15 times, and K10 of S1 treatment has increased 17.23 times, and K10 of S2 treatment has increased by 17.85 times. ②Compared with ckl and ck2, proportion of soil micro-aggregate in SI and S2 is both increasing, and the effect of S2 treatment is better than the other.③Compared with ckl, organic matter content, available N content, Olsen-P content, available K content and cation exchangeable capacity of SI and S2 are all increasing, and S2 is higher than the other, with an increase of 3.58 g/kg than ckl and 0.94 g/kg than ck2. ④Compared with ckl and ck2, SI and S2 can reduce soil pH, electrical conductivity, total salt content, total alkalinity, exchangeable sodium percentage and sodium adsorption ratio; pH, electrical conductivity , total salt content, total alkalinity, exchangeable sodium percentage and sodium adsorption ratio of S2 are minimum and they are 7.34, 0.42 ms/cm, 2.01 g/kg, 2.336 cmol/kg, 39.47% and 2.405 respectively . With the buried subsurface pipe, subsoiling treatment can improve soil permeability coefficient and reduce the soil pH, electrical conductivity, total salt content, total alkalinity, exchangeable sodium percentage and sodium adsorption ratio, and the treatment of improving soil properties and subsoiling of 0.6m has the best effect on the amelioration of soda meadow alkaline soil.