电焊烟尘的扩散规律研究

摘要

电焊烟尘具有粒径小、危害大及难处理等特点.文章利用Gambit软件和Fluent软件模拟风速、焊点间距和垂直距离等影响电焊烟尘的扩散的因素,得到电焊烟尘的扩散特性:在同一截面时,间距越大,烟尘浓度越低,烟尘浓度下降得越快;在同一间距时,发尘源垂直方向的高度不同,电焊烟尘的浓度不同,烟尘浓度都是经历先增后减的过程.依据电焊烟尘的扩散规律,提出了对车间进行置换通风的控制措施,运用旋风气幕式排风罩,对烟尘进行处理,使电焊工作环境得以明显改善.%Considering the characteristics of welding fume of small particle size, severe damage and unwieldiness, this paper adopts the Gambit software and Fluent software to simulate the wind speed, spot spacing, vertical distance and other factors that affect the diffusion of welding fume and get the diffusion characteristics of welding fume. The results show that, in the same section, the greater the spacing, the lower the concentration, and the concentration decreases more quickly; with the same distance, the height of different dust sources in the vertical direction is different, the concentration of welding fume is different, and the smoke concentration first increases and then decreases. Based on the diffusion rule of welding fume, the control measures of displacement ventilation in the workshop are put forward, and the cyclone air curtain exhaust hood is used to deal with the smoke and dust, thus improving the working environment.