Soil samples were collected from 15 farmlands of the Xiaogan suburb. Soil layers were divided into 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm layers to determine pH value ,alkali solution nitrogen ,total phosphorus , available phosphorus ,effective potassium content effectively ,and analyze the fertility conditions of soil two layers. The results showed that pH value of the Xiaogan suburb farmland surface soil was slightly acidic to acidic;Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content was 41. 28~63. 89 mg/kg which was in the medium level;Total phosphorus of surface soil was as high as 620. 48~1 164. 68 mg/kg ,available phosphorus content of dry farmland is 73. 84~181. 42 mg/kg which was higher ,and it can meet the demand of plant growth , available phosphorus content of paddy farmland was 22. 94~48. 61 mg/kg , partial paddy farmland existed phosphorus deficiency;Effective potassium content was only 11. 56~40. 59 mg/kg which was in a low level. The pH value ,alkali solution nitrogen ,and effective potassium content of two kinds of soil layers had significant difference. Available phosphorus content of surface soil of different planting patterns were significantly higher than that of the subsurface soil ,but the available phosphorus content of dry farmland soil range as high as 2. 1 ,which was far more than paddy field′s available phosphorus content ratio 1. 2 between the layers. Total phosphorus content of dry filed surface soil were significantly higher than that of the subsurface soil ,and the total phosphorus content of surface soil in the paddy field was significantly lower than the subsurface soil′s content.%对湖北省孝感市郊15个农田土壤进行取样，以0～20cm和20～40 cm分两个土层测定pH值、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、有效钾的含量，并对两层土壤的肥力状况进行分析比较。结果表明，孝感市郊农田表层土壤pH值为微酸性到酸性；碱解氮含量为41.28～63.89mg/kg处于中等水平；表层土壤全磷高达620.48～1164.68 mg/kg，旱田速效磷含量较高，为73.84～181.42mg/kg，能够满足植株生长需求，水田速效磷含量为22.94～48.61mg/kg，部分水田土壤供磷不足；有效钾含量只有11.56～40.59 mg/kg，处于较低水平。两土层间pH值、碱解氮、有效钾含量均达到显著差异水平。不同种植模式土壤的表层土壤速效磷含量均显著高于亚表层速效磷含量，但旱田土层间的速效磷含量变幅高达2.1，远远大于水田层间速效磷含量比1.2。旱田表层土壤全磷含量均显著高于亚表层，而水田中表层土壤的全磷含量却显著低于亚表层含量。
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