结果持续表达方式的日中对比分析——テアル与存在句中的“着”、“了”、“过”

摘要

This paper analyses the differences between the ＂-tearu＂ construction in Japanese and ＂zhe＂, ＂le＂, and ＂guo＂ in Chinese existential sentences, and draws three conclusions from an analysis of example sentences in the Chinese-Japanese Bilingual Corpus. It is found that ＂-tearu＂ was translated into Verb＋＂zhe＂ in most cases because Verb＋＂zhe/le＂ cannot show the difference between ＂-tearu＂ and ＂-teiru＂. On the contrary, this paper finds that the construction of Verb＋＂le＂ can show both the effective duration meaning of ＂-tearu＂ and the intentionality of it at the same time.%本文针对日中结果持续的表达方式,从日语A类テアル句式出发,与中文存在句中的“着”、“了”、“过”进行了对比,并就《中日对译语料库》中的例句进行了统计分析,得出了三种对应结果。我们发现,由于中文不能单纯通过动词后续“着”或“了”来体现テアル与テイル的区别,因此テアル绝大情况下被翻译成“动词＋着”。但是相比之下用“动词＋了”的形式可以同时体现テアル的结果持续义和意图性两种特征。