胆道闭锁是婴儿期最严重的肝脏疾病之一，如不及时治疗，常在1岁左右死亡。胆道闭锁的发生原因尚不清楚，可能与遗传因素、病毒感染、免疫调节等方面有关。合理应用B型超声等无创检查技术做好产前筛查以及优生优育工作，可有效预防胆道闭锁的发生，真正降低胆道闭锁的发病率。目前治疗胆道闭锁的首选方法是1959年Kasai提出的肝门空肠吻合术。早期诊断、早期治疗是提高手术成功率，改善患儿生存质量的关键，也是提倡早期筛查的意义所在。%Biliary atresia (BA) is one of the most significant life-threatening hepatobiliary disorders in infant. Those patients with BA could die in the first year of life if not treated timely. The etiology of BA is unclear. It may be related to genetic factors,viral infections,immune dysregulations,etc. Reasonable application of noninvasive techniques,such as B-ultrasound for prenatal screening,can effectively prevent BA and really reduce the incidence of BA. The preferred treatment for BA is hepatoportoenterostomy which was proposed by Kasai in 1959. Early diagnosis and early treatment are critical to increase the rate of successful operation and to improve the quality of life. So,it is important to promote the early screening of BA.
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