抗苗勒管激素在辅助生殖领域的临床研究进展

摘要

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH),also named mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS),is a dimeric glycoprotein produced by the granulosa cells of early developing follicles in female and the Sertoli cells in male.Initially,AMH was known as a hormone involved in the sexual differentiation.Recent studies shows that AMH can also be used as a marker for diagnosis and treatment in assisted reproduction,including assessing ovarian reserve,forecasting ovarian response,predicting the fertilization rate and the clinical pregnancy rate in in-vitro fertilization (IVF).Besides,AMH can be used as an assistant marker to evaluate semen quality and the activity of frozenthawing semen.Otherwise,AMH has been tried in the assistant diagnosis of premature ovarian failure (POF) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS),the differential diagnosis of severe oligoasthenozoospermia and azoospermatism,and the treatment choices of tumor patients of reproductive age.%抗苗勒管激素(anti-Mullerian hormone,AMH)又称苗勒管抑制物(Mullerian inhibiting substance,MIS),是由女性卵泡颗粒细胞和男性睾丸支持细胞所分泌的二聚体糖蛋白激素.AMH最初被发现参与胚胎期的生殖系统的分化.越来越多的研究表明,AMH在辅助生殖领域中,可作为卵巢储备功能、促排卵治疗过程中卵巢反应性的预测指标,同时可作为体外受精(in-vitro fertilization,IVF)受精率及临床妊娠率的预测指标.此外,AMH还可用于评估精子质量及精子冷冻保存后的活力恢复情况.AMH还可辅助诊断女性卵巢功能早衰(premature ovarian failure,POF)及多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS),辅助鉴别男性严重少、弱精子症及无精子症,指导生育期肿瘤患者选择治疗方案等.