脐血干细胞的生物学特性及其应用

摘要

脐血于细胞为干细胞移植提供了新的选择,与外周血及骨髓干细胞相比,脐血干细胞移植后的低急慢性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)发病率、低移植相关死亡率(TRM)及疾病复发率具有明显优势,易获得性及免疫耐受等特性使其越来越受到人们的关注,并吸引人们不断进行深入的研究.归纳总结脐血干细胞与胚胎干细胞、骨髓干细胞及外周血干细胞的优缺点,概括脐血干细胞移植在临床及再生医学中日益广泛的应用,重点阐述脐血干细胞治疗血液系统疾病的优势及面临的问题和解决方案.脐血干细胞移植的巨大优势为干细胞移植开创了新的篇章.%In recent years, cord blood stem cell (CB-SCS) has emerged as an alternative source of stem cell transplantation. CB-SCS transplantation was associated with a significantly lower incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), lower transplant related mortality (TRM) and disease recurrence, compared with bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells. This review report an itemized classification of CB-SCs populations, which is important to better understand which tissues can be replaced using CB-SCs and how the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from CB-SCs is changing the field. Furthermore, we also review the transplantafion of CB-SCs in the clinical and regenerative medicine for a variety of malignant and non-malignant diseases, especially for hematological diseases. The great advantage of umbilical cord blood stem cell create a new chapter for stem cell transplantation.