Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is a heterogeneous group of tumors. Based on clinical、morphological and molecular genetic analysis,a dualistic model about epithelial ovarian carcinomas was proposed which divided surface epithelial ovarian tumors into two broad categories designated type I and type II tumors corresponding to two main pathways of tumorigenesis. Due to the different histological types of this group,tumor cells are different in origin and pathogenesis,new concept is that the personalized parameters should be used in histological grading in order to better reflect its prognosis and guidance in assessing the value of clinical treatment. Determination of CA125 and human epididymal protein (HE4) serum levels and mesothelin urinary level is expected to achieve early diagnosis of ovarian cancer and risk assessment.%上皮性卵巢癌是一组异质性肿瘤,基于临床、分子遗传学和病理组织形态学的研究,新近提出上皮性卵巢癌的“二元论”,即根据发病模式分为Ⅰ型癌与Ⅱ型癌.由于组织学类型、肿瘤细胞的起源与发病机制不同,故目前认为应选用不同的参数进行个性化分级,才能更好地体现其在评估预后与指导临床治疗中的价值.而血清CA125与人附睾蛋白4(HE4)双联检测及尿液中间皮素(mesothelin)检测有望实现卵巢癌的早期诊断与风险评估.
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