论国家情报监控行为的“边界”--从“棱镜门”事件谈起

摘要

" Prism" incident revealed that the unregulated intelligence surveillance conducts, which violate seriously the other countries' sovereignty and harm gravely citizens' basic human rights, should be regulated by setting boundaries and standards. States' intelligence sur-veillance conducts must have a legitimate source of power, just cause and right intention. Where conducting intelligence surveillance, it must be noticed to balance the needs of national security and the other countries' sovereignty and the citizens' fundamental rights. To regu-late States' intelligence surveillance conducts, is to accept the existance and the rationality of this kind of behavior and to minimize its dan-gers. By learning from the " just war" theory, the international community can work towards the identified international rules to regulate States' intelligence surveillance conducts and to curb the abuse of States' intelligence surveillance conducts.%“棱镜门”事件揭示了不受规制的情报监控行为对国家主权、公民基本人权的极大危害，应该对国家情报监控行为设定“边界”予以规范。国家情报监控行为应有合法的权力来源和正当目的，应注意平衡本国国家安全需要与他国国家主权与公民的基本权利。规制国家情报监控行为，是在接受该种行为的现实存在及其合理性的前提下，尽量减少该行为的危害。国际社会可以通过借鉴“战争正义”理论的相关标准，探索规范国家情报监控行为的国际规则，遏制国家情报监控行为的滥用。