专利创造性判断的系统分析与影响因素实证研究

摘要

Based on the system view,inventive step as an object of assessment is a kind of system composed of elements such as distinguis-hing technical characteristics. The assessment of inventive step is a process composed of system input and system output,the conversion process of the evaluation system,the internal conversion process follows the general rules of legal judgment,and that follows the principle of a syllogism. The system of object needs the method to assess the need of system and integrity,so patent creative judgment method should be the overall evaluation. An empirical study on China's data of practice shows that the degree of China's patent creative judgment objective is quite high,factors including technical effect factors of common test ability,creativity will directly affect the final assessment re-sult,and have a significant impact on the integrity of the judgment. A further factor analysis showed that the main influence factor belongs to creative trait factor and technology starting factor.%基于系统观视角，创造性作为判断的对象及客体，是一个由区别技术特征等要素表征的系统。专利创造性判断过程是一个由系统输入、系统输出、转换过程构成的评价系统，其中内部转换过程遵循法律判断的一般规则，表现为法律推理，遵循三段论原理。客体的系统性决定了对其判断方法需要系统性、整体性，因此专利创造性判断方法应是整体评价。基于中国实践数据的实证研究显示，我国专利创造性判断客观化程度比较高，其中技术效果、普通试验能力、创造力等因素会直接影响最终判别结果，对整体性判断有显著影响。因子分析发现我国专利创造性判断主要影响因素可归属创新特质因子及技术起点因子等。