Purpose/Significance] The United States is one of the perfect countries in intelligence legislation, it has developed a legisla-tion system which is composed of laws, presidential directives and departmental directives. To confront the profound changes of American national security threats in the 21st Century, the government carried out the widest and deepest legislation in national intelligence, which pulled and guided the reform and development of the U. S. national intelligence system. The analysis and research of the national intelli-gence legislation of America in 21 st century can not only help us find the causes, measures and dilemma of U. S. national intelligence leg-islation, but also provide some useful references to our country. [ Method/Process] With the enactment and implementation of the Intelli-gence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 as the foundation of argument,the article uses literature analysis method to study the debate documents, the sections and the implemental documents of relate laws. [ Result/Conclusion] This article found that the competition for interest among U. S. executive branch is the main reason that troubled national intelligence legislation in this phase. To resolve this problem, the U. S. government has made a lot of comprises when formulating laws and giving the cabinet relatively big discretionary pow-er, which to a great extent has influenced the actual effect of the laws.%[目的/意义]美国是情报法制建设最为完备的国家之一，已建成以法律、总统令、部门指令为一体的法制体系。为应对21世纪国家安全威胁的深刻变化，美国政府在国家情报领域进行最广泛、最深刻的立法，拉动和牵引美国国家情报系统的改革和发展。分析和研究21世纪美国国家情报立法，不仅能够把握美国国家情报立法的动因、举措和困境，也能为我国国家情报立法提供部分借鉴。[方法/过程]以美国《情报改革与恐怖主义预防法》的颁布和落实为主要依据，采用文献分析法系统梳理相关法律文件的辩论记录、法律条文及相应的落实性文件。[结果/结论]通过研究发现，行政机构的利益竞争是困扰这一阶段美国国家情报立法的主要因素。对此，美国政府在撰写法律条款时采取了多项折中做法，给予美国内阁部门较大的自由裁量权，也在很大程度上影响了法律的实际效果。
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