铝合金基底微碳球作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能及其润滑机理

摘要

采用绿色水热制备方法,以葡萄糖为前身化合物一步制得直径在400~500 nm、尺寸均匀的单分散微碳球,采用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱等手段对微碳球的表面形貌及化学特性进行表征,利用多功能摩擦磨损试验机考察了微碳球作为润滑油添加剂在铝合金–钢摩擦副的减摩耐磨特性,探讨了微碳球的润滑作用机理.结果表明:将微碳球作为液体石蜡和商用机油润滑添加剂可以显著提高铝合金–钢摩擦副上的摩擦学性能,这主要是因为在滑动过程中微碳球可能进入到接触区,阻止摩擦副之间的直接接触,并起到纳米滚珠作用.%A one-step green hydrothermal method was used to prepare carbon microspheres with size of 400–500 nm by using glucose as the precursor compound. Morphologies and chemical properties of the carbon microspheres were characterized by means of SEM and FTIR. Their tribological properties as the lubricant additive were evalu-ated on aluminum-steel sliding contact by using a multi-functional friction and wear tester. The lubrication mecha-nism was also discussed. The results indicate that the carbon microspheres possess good friction-reducing and an-tiwear performance when they are used as the lubricant additive in both liquid paraffin and 0W-40 engine oil on aluminum-on-steel pairs. Carbon microspheres may enter the contact region and prevent the direct contact of the friction pair. At the same time, they may play a role as micro-nanospheres between the sliding contacts to provide an excellent lubricating effect.