硫化锌精矿中镓锗在高压氧浸中的浸出行为研究

摘要

试验研究了硫化锌精矿中镓、锗在高压氧浸中的浸出行为，考察确定了酸锌的量比，浸出时间，浸出液初始Fe（II）离子浓度，木质素添加量，矿石粒度，温度等因素对各元素浸出率的影响。结果表明，锗与锌的浸出行为较为一致；而镓与铁的浸出行为密切相关，使铁充分浸出并保持浸出液具有足够的酸度，防止高温下Fe（II）离子的氧化水解，是提高金属镓浸出率的关键。对富含镓、锗等稀散金属的硫化锌精矿，采用两段逆流流程浸出，既可保证镓、锗浸出率在80％以上，又能使得一段浸出后液酸度p（H2SO4）〈20g／L，从而有利于其后续的中和%The leaching behaviors of Ga and Ge in ZnS concentrate during high oxygen pressure leach process wereinvestigated experimentally. The effects of molar ratio of sulfuric acid to zinc, leach time, initial Fe^2＋ concentration in the leach solution, additive amount of sodium lignosulfonic acid, particle size of concentrate and temperature on the leach efficiencies of such elements as Zn, Fe, Ga and Ge were evaluated. The results show that the leach efficiency of Ge is in accord with that of zinc, while the leach efficiency of Ga is relative to that of Fe closely. The key of raising leach efficiency of Ga is to leach Fe in the concentrate adequately, as well as to maintain the acidity of leach solution and protect Fe^2＋ from oxidation-hydrolysis at high temperature. It is reasonable that using a two-steps countercurrent leach process to treat zinc sulfide concentrate with high content of Ga and Ge, not only can obtain higher leach efficiencies of Ga and Ge, but also make the acidity of the after leach solution less than 20 gH2SO4/L. It is beneficial to the subsequent neutralization.