中国传统词学视野中的“明词”之论∗

摘要

我国传统词学视野中的“明词”之论，主要体现在三个维面：一是对明词总体性否定的判评，二是对明词衰亡的多元分析探讨，三是对词亡于明的消解与纠偏之论。其中，在第二个维面，人们主要从词曲相混、自度曲律、委靡软俗、意格不高等方面对明词之弊予以论说；在第三个维面，况周颐、赵尊岳从较为辩证的角度论说明词不足与值得肯定之处，显示出超越于时代的卓越识见。传统词学对“明词”的批评，从一个独特视点展开与深化了对古典词史演变发展的认识，具有重要的价值与意义。%The criticism on Ci-poetry in the Ming Dynasty in Chinese traditional Ci-poetry visual field, mainly embodies in three aspects:one is the comprehensively negative judging to Ci-poetry in the Ming Dy-nasty,the second is the multivariate analysis of the decline of the Ci-poetry in the Ming Dynasty,and the third is dispelling and correcting the criticism that Ci-poetry died in the Ming Dynasty.In the second as-pect,people mainly discourse the disadvantages of Ci-poetry in the Ming Dynasty from interblending the Ci-poetry and traditional opera,melody-composing,and certain characteristics like listlessness and vulgari-ty,absence in meanings.In the third aspect,Kuang Zhouyu and Zhao Zunyue ,discussed the deficiency and merit of Ci-poetry in the Ming Dynasty from a dialectical point,which is extremely epoch-making.The criticism on Ci-poetry in the Ming Dynasty in Chinese traditional Ci-poetry,perfectly expands and deepens the understanding of the evolution of classical Ci-poetry from considerably unique point of view,which is of important value.