气动可调式准零刚度隔振器设计及特性分析

摘要

针对承载质量的变化会影响隔振器性能的问题,设计了具有准零刚度特性的可调式非线性气动隔振器.该准零刚度隔振器由一个竖直的双气室可调式气动弹簧和4个对称初始水平放置的单气室可调式气动弹簧组合而成.分析了气动可调式准零刚度隔振系统的设计参数之间应满足的关系.当承载质量改变时,通过调节气压来保持静平衡位置处的准零刚度特性.利用谐波平衡法对系统进行振动分析,得到了系统的力传递率,并对其隔振性能进行了评估.结果表明,系统具有良好的低频隔振性能,优于相应的线性系统.%Considering that the load weight changes can affect the performance of vibration isolation,an adjustable nonlinear pneumatic vibration isolator with the favorable characteristic of quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) was established.The QZS isolator was devised by connecting a vertical double-chamber adjustable pneumatic spring with four symmetrical initial horizontal single-chamber adjustable pneumatic springs.Analytical result revealed a unique relationship between the design parameters of pneumatic springs of the QZS systems.The adjustable QZS isolator could maintain the characteristic of quasi-zero stiffness by adjusting air pressure when the mass loading changed.In vibration analysis,the force transmissibility derived by the harmonic balance (HB) method was used for the performance evaluation of the vibration isolation systems.The adjustable QZS isolator outperforms a corresponding linear system,especially in low-frequency vibration isolation performance.