论高等教育中的生命个体性原则及其启示——以孔子的教学之道为借鉴

摘要

Based on the principle of instrumental reason,the higher education takes on the highly-ordered view.As a result,the diversity,individuality,independence,freedom and creation of life are damaged.The outstanding of Confucian＇s achievement in education lies in his emphasis on the individuality and uniqueness of life and his teaching according to each student＇s ability.This teaching style enables each student＇s mind to have enough freedom to create,without using some empty talk,some sacred moral code or rational authority to restrain the liveliness of one＇s sensational life.Confucian＇s way of teaching provides us with a notion and methods to reflect on how higher education can function better on the basis of the individuality of life and thus we can cultivate a more complete and better life.%工具理性原则支配下的现代高等教育,呈现出高度秩序化的景观,致使生命的多样性、个体性、独立性、自由性和创造性遭受了极大的损害与压制。孔子的教育理念高度重视生命的个体性和独特性,因材施教,使各不相同的个体心灵有自由之创造,实现生命个体的全面发展。孔子的为师之道,为立足生命个体性原则来思考高等教育的职能,培养和塑造全面优秀的人性提供了理念和方法的启迪。