腹泻患者病原菌分布和耐药性分析

摘要

目的 探讨腹泻患者的病原菌分布并分析其耐药性,为临床治疗与预防腹泻的发生提供科学理论依据.方法 选择2010年1月至2011年12月在我院门诊就诊的456例腹泻患者为研究对象.分离、培养腹泻物中的致病菌种群,进行药敏试验.结果 在456份粪便标本中,共检测出致病菌183株,总分离率为40.1％,其中产肠毒素大肠杆菌27株(占14.8％),假单胞菌23株(12.6％),志贺菌属61株(33.3％),副溶血弧菌属16株(8.7％),沙门氏菌属8株(4.4％),类志贺邻单胞菌12株(6.6％),豚鼠气单胞9株(4.9％),变形杆菌菌9株(4.9％),弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌18株(9.8％).部分肠道致病菌对头孢噻肟(CTX)、诺氟沙星(NFLX)、环丙沙星(CIP)、阿米卡星(AMK)等抗菌药物较敏感.结论 腹泻病原菌种类多样,主要是志贺菌属和产肠毒素大肠杆菌等,耐药性不同,临床医师应按照药敏结果选择抗菌药物.%Objective To analyse the pathogen distribution and drug resistance in patients with diarrhea, and provide scientific and theoretical basis for clinical treatment and prevention of diarrhea. Methods 456 cases of patients with diarrhea from January 2010 to December 2011 in our hospital were collected,then the pathogens were separated and cultured for the drug sensitivity test. Results There were: 183 strains of pathogenic bacteria detected in 456 stool specimens and the total separation rate was 40.1%. Among them, the strains of Enterotoxaemia Escherichia coil (ETEC), Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Parahaemolyticus shigella, Salmonella, Shiga Plesiomonas, Aeromonas caviae, Proteus and Citrobacter freundii were 27 (14.8%) , 23 (12.6%), 61 (33.3%), 16 (8.7%), 8 (4.4%), 12 (6.6%), 9 (4.9%), 9 (4.9%) and 18 (9.8%) separatively. Part pathogens were more sensitive for Cefotaxime (CTX), Norfloxacin (NFLX), Ciprofloxacin (CIP), and Amikacin (AMK). Conclusion Pathogens of Diarrhea are varied and included ETEC, Salmonella and so on, which has different drug resistance. Therefore, clinical doctors should select antibiotics to cure diarrhea based on the results of drug sensitity test.